Riparian Vegetation

AUS-ASC-FOR-RIP General Moderate confidence

Benchmark Value

No specific value — see range

Range: 5 to 10 %

Optimal Range: 5 to 10

Direction: Higher is desirable ↑

Form: OptimalRange

Scoring Curve

This curve shows how a field measurement for this indicator would score across all available benchmark forms in this context.

Evidence & Context

Understorey Tree / Large Shrub T 5% – 10%

Metric Definition:

Lifeform cover percentages for Riparian Scrub (EVC 191)

Benchmark Definition:

This benchmark represents the expected cover percentage of Understorey Tree or Large Shrub lifeforms in Riparian Scrub (EVC 191) within the Alpine and Subalpine Complex biome under production forestry land use.

Justification:

Benchmarking for Riparian Scrub across different bioregions reveals variations in the dominance of specific lifeforms.

Sources (1)

Preview of Highlands – Southern Fall bioregion - Environment, accessed April 6, 2026

Highlands – Southern Fall bioregion - Environment, accessed April 6, 2026 Journal

Highlands – Northern Fall bioregion - Environment, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Supporting Sources (42)

Additional references from the underlying research that informed this benchmark.

(PDF) Climate change impacts on Australia's alpine ecosystems - ResearchGate, accessed on May 28, 2025,

Contextual Support Direct Evidence GreyLiterature

(PDF) Climate change impacts on Australia's alpine ecosystems - ResearchGate, accessed August 5, 2025

View Source

(PDF) Rapidly quantifying reference conditions in modified landscapes - ResearchGate

Contextual Support Methodology Source GreyLiterature

(PDF) Rapidly quantifying reference conditions in modified landscapes - ResearchGate, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Preview of (PDF) Stand Condition Assessment (SCA) Tool case study demonstration – Report 2. Results and discussion of case study sites in NSW. Report to the Murray Darling Basin Authority under the Improving evaluation and reporting on woody vegetation condition outcomes, at regional and Basin scales Project - ResearchGate

(PDF) Stand Condition Assessment (SCA) Tool case study demonstration – Report 2. Results and discussion of case study sites in NSW. Report to the Murray Darling Basin Authority under the Improving evaluation and reporting on woody vegetation condition outcomes, at regional and Basin scales Project - ResearchGate

Contextual Support Methodology Source GreyLiterature

Towards an Eden Regional Forest Agreement, accessed April 6, 2026

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2024 State of the Environment Report - Tasmanian Planning Commission, accessed on May 25, 2025,

Regulatory Framework Journal

Biodiversity impacts of Chilean needle grass Nassella neesiana on Australia's indigenous grasslands - VU Research Repository

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A guide to planning approvals for forestry in Tasmania, accessed April 6, 2026

Regulatory Framework Journal

A guide to planning approvals for forestry in Tasmania, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Preview of Adapting the Tasmanian forest practices system to climate change – Results from a practitioner workshop - Independent Planning Commission, accessed April 6, 2026

Adapting the Tasmanian forest practices system to climate change – Results from a practitioner workshop - Independent Planning Commission, accessed April 6, 2026

Contextual Support Journal

Adapting the Tasmanian forest practices system to climate change – Results from a practitioner workshop - Independent Planning Commission, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Preview of alberton wind farm flora and fauna assessment bird and bat utilisation surveys matters of national environmental significance - Planning, accessed April 6, 2026

alberton wind farm flora and fauna assessment bird and bat utilisation surveys matters of national environmental significance - Planning, accessed April 6, 2026

Direct Evidence Journal

alberton wind farm flora and fauna assessment bird and bat utilisation surveys matters of national environmental significance - Planning, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Amended Agreement, accessed April 6, 2026

Direct Evidence Regulatory Framework Journal

Amended Agreement, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Preview of Appendix C NSW Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water – Environment and Heritage detailed response, accessed April 6, 2026

Appendix C NSW Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water – Environment and Heritage detailed response, accessed April 6, 2026

Contextual Support Direct Evidence Journal

Appendix C NSW Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water – Environment and Heritage detailed response, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

ARI-Technical-Report-266-Guide-to-water-regime,-salinity-ranges-and-bioreg-cons-status-of-Vic-wetland-EVCs.docx, accessed April 6, 2026

Direct Evidence Journal

ARI-Technical-Report-266-Guide-to-water-regime,-salinity-ranges-and-bioreg-cons-status-of-Vic-wetland-EVCs.docx, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Australia's forests and forestry glossary, accessed April 6, 2026

Contextual Support Regulatory Framework Journal

Australia's forests and forestry glossary, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Australia's forests and forestry glossary, accessed July 12, 2025,

Regulatory Framework Journal

Baw Baw Shire Council Draft – Version 1.1 October 2019, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Australia's State of the Forests Report 2018 – Criterion 4 - DAFF, accessed April 6, 2026

Contextual Support Journal

Australia's State of the Forests Report 2018 – Criterion 4 - DAFF, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Australian Standard - Responsible Wood

Regulatory Framework Journal

Australian Standard - Responsible Wood, accessed April 6, 2026

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AUSTRALIAN, accessed April 6, 2026

Contextual Support

AUSTRALIAN, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Benchmarks for wetland Ecological Vegetation Classes in Victoria

Direct Evidence Journal

Benchmarks for wetland Ecological Vegetation Classes in Victoria, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Bioregions and EVC benchmarks - Environment, accessed August 5, 2025,

Direct Evidence Government

TASVEG VCA Manual: A manual for assessing vegetation condition in Tasmania, Version 2.0. Natural and Cultural Heritage, Department of

View Source

Code of Practice for Timber Production 2014 (as amended 2022) - Forests and Reserves

Contextual Support Regulatory Framework Journal

Code of Practice for Timber Production 2014 - Forests and Reserves, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Preview of Derived from the preventative principles embedded in Australian State Forest Practices Codes (e.g., Victorian Code of Practice for Timber Production 2014; NSW Private Native Forestry Code of Practice for Southern NSW; Tasmanian Forest Practices Code) and the documented high sensitivity and erodibility of alpine/subalpine soils when disturbed.

Derived from the preventative principles embedded in Australian State Forest Practices Codes (e.g., Victorian Code of Practice for Timber Production 2014; NSW Private Native Forestry Code of Practice for Southern NSW; Tasmanian Forest Practices Code) and the documented high sensitivity and erodibility of alpine/subalpine soils when disturbed.

Contextual Support Regulatory Framework Journal

Tasmanian Forest Practices Code

View Source

Forest Management Plan for the North East 2001

Contextual Support Regulatory Framework Government

Forest Management Plan for the North East 2001, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Forest Management Plan for the North East 2001, accessed August 5, 2025

Contextual Support Government

Forest Management Zoning in NSW State Forests - Forestry Corporation, accessed August 5, 2025

View Source

Forest Practices Code - FAOLEX

Regulatory Framework Journal

Forest Practices Code - FAOLEX, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

guidelines for sustainable forestry on private lands in nsw - ResearchGate, accessed August 1, 2025,

Contextual Support Regulatory Framework

guidelines for sustainable forestry on private lands ... - ResearchGate, accessed July 30, 2025

View Source

Impacts of Nature Tourism on the Mount Kosciuszko Alpine Area, Australia - CABI Digital Library, accessed May 13, 2026,

Contextual Support Journal

AUSTRALIAN NATIVE VEGETATION ASSESSMENT 2001 - Inside Cotton, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Johnston, F. M., & Pickering, C. M. (2001). Recovery of Alpine Area Vegetation after Fire and Grazing. Kosciuszko National Park.

Contextual Support Journal

Johnston, F. M., & Pickering, C. M. (2001). Recovery of Alpine Area Vegetation after Fire and Grazing. Kosciuszko National Park.

View Source

Preview of Modelling Floodplain Vegetation Response to Climate Change, Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model Simulated LAI, Applying Different GCM's Future Climate Data and MODIS LAI Data - MDPI, accessed May 13, 2026,

Modelling Floodplain Vegetation Response to Climate Change, Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model Simulated LAI, Applying Different GCM's Future Climate Data and MODIS LAI Data - MDPI, accessed May 13, 2026,

Direct Evidence Journal

PCT Benchmarks PQ, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Monaro REF Appendix 3 Biodiversity Assessment - Transport for NSW

Contextual Support Direct Evidence Journal

Jindabyne Education Campus - School Infrastructure NSW, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

New South Wales Vegetation Classification and Assessment: Introduction - Botanic Gardens of Sydney

Contextual Support Methodology Source Journal

Gibbons, P., Briggs, S. V., Murphy, D., Lindenmayer, D. B., McElhinny, C., & Brookhouse, M. (2010). Benchmark stem densities for forests and woodlands in south-eastern Australia under conditions of relatively little modification by humans since European settlement. Forest Ecology and Management, 260(11), 2047-2058.

View Source

NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service. (n.d.). The Australian Alps Bioregion.

Contextual Support Direct Evidence Journal

Australian Alps Montane Grasslands | One Earth, accessed May 11, 2026,

View Source

NSW State Vegetation Type Map: Technical Notes - Environment and Heritage, accessed April 6, 2026

Methodology Source Journal

NSW State Vegetation Type Map: Technical Notes - Environment and Heritage, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

NSW State Vegetation Type Map: Technical Notes - ResearchGate, accessed April 6, 2026

Contextual Support Methodology Source GreyLiterature

NSW State Vegetation Type Map: Technical Notes - ResearchGate, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Public submission - Independent Planning Commission, accessed May 17, 2025,

Regulatory Framework Journal

Delivering biodiversity and socio economic co-benefits through the adoption of Beef Cattle Herd Management emission reduction pr - Southern Gulf NRM, accessed May 17, 2025

View Source

Resource Condition Monitoring – Native Vegetation Integrity Project - DBCA Library, accessed April 6, 2026

Methodology Source Journal

Riparian ecosystems of the Salmon-Challis National Forest: An assessment of current conditions in relation to the natural range, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Riparian Land Management Technical Guidelines - NIWA

Contextual Support Methodology Source Journal

Riparian Land Management Technical Guidelines - NIWA, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Submission - Australian Plantation Forestry - Parliament of Australia, accessed April 6, 2026

Contextual Support Journal

Submission - Australian Plantation Forestry - Parliament of Australia, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Sustainable forest management - requirements - PEFC

Regulatory Framework Journal

Sustainable forest management - requirements - PEFC, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Tasmanian Reserve Management Code of Practice - Tasmania Parks and Wildlife Service

Regulatory Framework Journal

Tasmanian Reserve Management Code of Practice - Tasmania Parks and Wildlife Service, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Terrestrial Biodiversity Review - Victorian National Parks Association

Contextual Support Journal

Terrestrial Biodiversity Review - Victorian National Parks Association, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Updating BioNet plant community types: PCT master list C2.0 (2023) - Environment and Heritage, accessed April 6, 2026

Methodology Source Journal

Updating BioNet plant community types: PCT master list C2.0 (2023) - Environment and Heritage, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Preview of Updating habitat condition indicators Implementation report supporting the NSW biodiversity outlook report 2024 | Environment and Heritage

Updating habitat condition indicators Implementation report supporting the NSW biodiversity outlook report 2024 | Environment and Heritage

Contextual Support Methodology Source Journal

Integrated model–data fusion approach to measuring habitat condition for ecological integrity reporting - Environment and Heritage, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Preview of Using the reference condition maintains the integrity of a bioassessment program in a changing climate - The University of Chicago Press: Journals

Using the reference condition maintains the integrity of a bioassessment program in a changing climate - The University of Chicago Press: Journals

Contextual Support Methodology Source Journal

flora and fauna assessment wallan east precinct - AWS, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

vegetation | Australian Alps National Parks, accessed April 6, 2026

Contextual Support Journal

vegetation | Australian Alps National Parks, accessed April 6, 2026

View Source

Riparian Vegetation

Benchmark Value

Scoring Curve

Evidence & Context

Sources (1)

Supporting Sources (42)

Context

Lifecycle

Notes

Related Benchmarks