Soil Moisture

AUS-TSR-CON-SMO General High confidence

Benchmark Value

No specific value — see range
Range: 35 to 45 % VWC
Optimal Range: 35 to 45
Direction: Higher is desirable ↑
Form: OptimalRange

Scoring Curve

This curve shows how a field measurement for this indicator would score across all available benchmark forms in this context.

Evidence & Context

The benchmark derived from its topsoil VWC data (estimated as an interquartile range of 35-45%) represents the healthy, functioning state of a complex mesophyll vine forest on an acidic Dermosol.

Metric Definition:

Volumetric Water Content (VWC) measured as percentage or volumetric ratio (m3/m3) in the topsoil (0-10 cm) layer.

Benchmark Definition:

This benchmark represents the typical healthy topsoil moisture range during the wet season in a tropical rainforest conservation area, supporting a biodiverse and carbon-dense forest ecosystem.

Justification:

This benchmark is based on long-term, high-frequency monitoring data from the TERN Robson Creek SuperSite, a high-integrity conservation site within the Wet Tropics World Heritage Area, representing typical, non-stressed moisture conditions supporting a biodiverse tropical rainforest ecosystem.

Sources (1)

Preview of Robson Creek Flux Data Collection - TERN Data Discovery Portal
Robson Creek Flux Data Collection - TERN Data Discovery Portal Government

Robson Creek Flux Data Collection - TERN Data Discovery Portal

View Source

Supporting Sources (21)

Additional references from the underlying research that informed this benchmark.

Preview of accessed July 22
accessed July 22
Contextual Support GreyLiterature

OzFlux - Sites > Robson Creek

View Source
Preview of DENITRIFICATION FACT SHEET - Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC)
DENITRIFICATION FACT SHEET - Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC)
Contextual Support

DENITRIFICATION FACT SHEET - Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC)

View Source
Preview of Emission of CO2 from tropical riparian forest soil is controlled by soil temperature
Emission of CO2 from tropical riparian forest soil is controlled by soil temperature
Contextual Support Journal

Effect of single and repeated waterlogging events on tropical forage grasses for cut and carry systems - SLU

View Source
Preview of ENV509 | Module 3: Australian rainforests - an overview - Learnline, accessed July 22, 2025,
ENV509 | Module 3: Australian rainforests - an overview - Learnline, accessed July 22, 2025,
Contextual Support GreyLiterature

ENV509 | Module 3: Australian rainforests - an overview - Learnline, accessed July 22, 2025

View Source
Preview of Nitrogen removal by tropical floodplain wetlands through denitrification - CSIRO Publishing
Nitrogen removal by tropical floodplain wetlands through denitrification - CSIRO Publishing
Contextual Support Journal

Nitrogen removal by tropical floodplain wetlands through denitrification - CSIRO Publishing

View Source
Preview of Nitrogen removal by tropical floodplain wetlands through denitrification - ResearchGate
Nitrogen removal by tropical floodplain wetlands through denitrification - ResearchGate
Contextual Support Journal

Water Balance of an Australian Subtropical Rainforest at Altitude: the Ecological and Physiological Significance of Intercepted Cloud and Fog - ResearchGate

View Source
Preview of Paleobotany reframes the fiery debate on Australia's rainforest edges - PMC
Paleobotany reframes the fiery debate on Australia's rainforest edges - PMC
Contextual Support Journal

Paleobotany reframes the fiery debate on Australia's rainforest edges - PMC

View Source
Preview of Rainforest - WetlandInfo - Department of the Environment, Tourism, Science and Innovation, accessed July 18, 2025,
Rainforest - WetlandInfo - Department of the Environment, Tourism, Science and Innovation, accessed July 18, 2025,
Contextual Support Government

Rainforest - WetlandInfo - Department of the Environment, Tourism, Science and Innovation

View Source
Preview of Robson Creek Rainforest SuperSite | Atherton Tablelands | QLD - TERN Australia
Robson Creek Rainforest SuperSite | Atherton Tablelands | QLD - TERN Australia
Contextual Support Government

Robson Creek Rainforest SuperSite | Atherton Tablelands | QLD - TERN Australia

View Source
Preview of Robson Creek Rainforest SuperSite | Atherton Tablelands | QLD - TERN Australia, accessed July 22, 2025,
Robson Creek Rainforest SuperSite | Atherton Tablelands | QLD - TERN Australia, accessed July 22, 2025,
Contextual Support GreyLiterature

ASC - DERMOSOLS - Soil Science Australia

View Source
Preview of Soil Research - CSIRO PUBLISHING, accessed July 20, 2025,
Soil Research - CSIRO PUBLISHING, accessed July 20, 2025,
Contextual Support Journal

Soil Research - CSIRO PUBLISHING, accessed July 30, 2025,

View Source
Preview of Soils of the Babinda - Cairns Area - Queensland Government publications
Soils of the Babinda - Cairns Area - Queensland Government publications
Contextual Support Journal

Science and Innovation

View Source
Preview of Struggle in the flood: tree responses to flooding stress in four tropical floodplain systems - PMC - PubMed Central
Struggle in the flood: tree responses to flooding stress in four tropical floodplain systems - PMC - PubMed Central
Contextual Support GreyLiterature

Struggle in the flood: tree responses to flooding stress in four tropical floodplain systems - PMC - PubMed Central

View Source
Preview of Threshold Responses to Soil Moisture Deficit by Trees and Soil in Tropical Rain Forests: Insights from Field Experiments - The Australian National University
Threshold Responses to Soil Moisture Deficit by Trees and Soil in Tropical Rain Forests: Insights from Field Experiments - The Australian National University
Contextual Support GreyLiterature

Threshold Responses to Soil Moisture Deficit by Trees and Soil in Tropical Rain Forests: Insights from Field Experiments - The Australian National University

View Source
Preview of Tour TERN's rainforest monitoring SuperSite | TERN Australia, accessed July 22, 2025
Tour TERN's rainforest monitoring SuperSite | TERN Australia, accessed July 22, 2025
Contextual Support Government

Robson Creek Flux Data Release 2022_v2 - TERN Data Discovery Portal

View Source
Preview of Understanding Water Movement Throughout Different Soil Profiles ..., accessed July 6, 2025,
Understanding Water Movement Throughout Different Soil Profiles ..., accessed July 6, 2025,
Contextual Support Journal

Regenerative agriculture in Australia: the changing face of farming - Frontiers, accessed July 16, 2025,

View Source
Preview of Understanding Water Movement Throughout Different Soil Profiles Across the Upper North
Understanding Water Movement Throughout Different Soil Profiles Across the Upper North
Contextual Support Government

Understanding Water Movement Throughout Different Soil Profiles Across the Upper North

View Source
Preview of Waterlogged yard (forum) - Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery
Waterlogged yard (forum) - Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery
Contextual Support Journal

Waterlogged yard (forum) - Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery

View Source
Preview of Waterlogging : how it reduces plant growth and how plants can overcome its effects
Waterlogging : how it reduces plant growth and how plants can overcome its effects
Contextual Support Journal

Waterlogging : how it reduces plant growth and how plants can overcome its effects

View Source
Preview of Waterlogging | Fact Sheets | soilquality.org.au, accessed July 19, 2025,
Waterlogging | Fact Sheets | soilquality.org.au, accessed July 19, 2025,
Contextual Support Government

Soil Water - Tas | Fact Sheets | soilquality.org.au, accessed August 6, 2025

View Source
Preview of Waterlogging in Australian agricultural landscapes: a review of plant responses and crop models - ResearchGate, accessed July 7, 2025,
Waterlogging in Australian agricultural landscapes: a review of plant responses and crop models - ResearchGate, accessed July 7, 2025,
Contextual Support Journal

Waterlogging in Australian agricultural landscapes: a review of plant responses and crop models - ResearchGate

View Source

Context

  • Region Australia
  • Biome Tropical & Subtropical Rainforests
  • Land Use Conservation / Protected Natural Areas
  • Assessment Conservation Target
  • Vegetation Forest
  • Season Wet season
  • Evidence Type ReferenceCondition

Lifecycle

  • Status Active
  • Version 1
  • Effective From 7 Jun 2026

Notes

No upper detrimental threshold — higher values are always better up to natural saturation. Benchmark Rationale: The reference value is the estimated interquartile range of daily average topsoil (0-10 cm) volumetric water content (VWC) during the wet season at the TERN Robson Creek SuperSite, a high-integrity conservation site within the Wet Tropics World Heritage Area. This range, derived from long-term monitoring in an Acidic Dystrophic Brown Dermosol, represents the typical, non-stressed moisture conditions supporting one of Australia's most biodiverse and carbon-dense forests.

Related Benchmarks

Other benchmarks in the AUS-TSR-CON-SMO family.

50 % REW Moderate
Conservation / Protected Natural Areas · Not Stated
MinimumOnly Active v1
— % VWC Moderate
Conservation / Protected Natural Areas · Not Stated
OptimalRange Active v1
80 % VWC Moderate
Conservation / Protected Natural Areas · Not Stated
MaximumOnly Active v1