Invasive Species Presence
Benchmark Value
Scoring Curve
This curve shows how a field measurement for this indicator would score across all available benchmark forms in this context.
Evidence & Context
It must have a low coverage of non-grass weed species (less than 30 per cent vegetation cover at any time of the year).
Projective percentage cover of non-grass exotic weeds in the ground layer.
Maximum acceptable coverage of invasive non-grass weeds in South-Eastern Australian Grey Box grassy woodlands under active grazing management.
The cited source explicitly identifies the value in a reference-site context and is an authoritative federal threshold under the EPBC Act.
Sources (1)
Grey Box (Eucalyptus microcarpa) Grassy Woodlands and Derived Native Grasslands of South-Eastern Australia: A guide to the identification, assessment and management of a nationally threatened ecological community
View SourceSupporting Sources (14)
Additional references from the underlying research that informed this benchmark.
Approved Conservation Advice (including listing advice) for the Eucalypt Woodlands of the Western Australian Wheatbelt
View SourceApproved Conservation Advice for the White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely's Red Gum Grassy Woodland and Derived Native Grassland
View SourceTemperate Grasslands - Greening Australia, accessed August 11, 2025
View SourceCressy SLL Condition Assessment Report
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Final Prescription for Natural Temperate Grassland of the Victorian Volcanic Plain
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Dorrough, J., Yen, A., Turner, V., Clark, S. G., Crosthwaite, J., & Hirth, J. R. (2004). Livestock grazing management and biodiversity conservation in Australian temperate grassy landscapes. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 55(3), 279-295.
View Source
Effects of stock grazing on biodiversity values in temperate native grassland and grassy woodlands in SE Australia: A Literature Review
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Guja, L. K., Bond, W. J., & Lunt, I. D. (2021). Land-use legacies limit the effectiveness of switches in disturbance type to restore endangered grasslands. Restoration Ecology, 29(S1), e13238.
View SourceNational RD&E Priorities for Invasive Plants and Animals, accessed July 27, 2025
View SourceJohnston, M. E. H. (1998). Correlations between environmental factors, the biomass of exotic annual grasses and the frequency of native perennial grasses. Australian Journal of Botany, 46(3), 413-426.
View Source
Lodge, G. M., & Whalley, R. D. B. (1998). Ecological principles for the management of Australian temperate perennial grasslands. Proceedings of the 18th International Grassland Congress, Vol. 3, 29-37.
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O'Loughlin, T., et al. (2017). The importance of travelling stock reserves for maintaining high-quality threatened temperate woodlands. Australian Journal of Botany, 65(7), 507–516.
View SourceRehwinkel, R. (2014). A Revised Floristic Value Scoring Method for Use in Assessing Grassland Condition in South-eastern NSW.
View Source
Standish, R. J., Cramer, V. A., Hobbs, R. J., & Kobryn, H. T. (2011). Fencing enhances vegetation recovery in remnant woodlands in the Western Australian wheatbelt. Australian Journal of Botany, 59(3), 224-233.
View Source