Water Nitrate

AUS-AIF-URB-WNI General Low confidence

Benchmark Value

1.1 mg/L
Direction: Higher is desirable ↑
Form: Point

Scoring Curve

This curve shows how a field measurement for this indicator would score across all available benchmark forms in this context. The scoring engine uses 2 benchmarks together — the Point form drives the primary score, while 1 guard(s) constrain the result.

Contributing Benchmarks

Point Primary Point Guard

Evidence & Context

The value of 1.1 mg/L represents the calculated post-treatment TN concentration from a typical Australian urban stormwater baseline of 2.0 mg/L TN.

Metric Definition:

Water nitrate concentration in urban stormwater discharge after WSUD treatment, expressed as mg/L as N.

Benchmark Definition:

Proxy benchmark for water nitrate concentration derived from WSUD performance targets for Total Nitrogen reduction in urban arid ephemeral systems.

Justification:

Derived due to absence of direct field measurements; based on WSUD's 45% reduction target applied to a typical urban stormwater baseline of 2.0 mg/L TN.

Sources (1)

Preview of (PDF) Water Sensitive Urban Design - Case Studies (Australia/Dubai) - ResearchGate, accessed July 13, 2025,
(PDF) Water Sensitive Urban Design - Case Studies (Australia/Dubai) - ResearchGate, accessed July 13, 2025, GreyLiterature

(PDF) Water Sensitive Urban Design - Case Studies (Australia/Dubai) - ResearchGate, accessed July 26, 2025

View Source

Supporting Sources (33)

Additional references from the underlying research that informed this benchmark.

Preview of (PDF) Ecological responses to artificial drought in two Australian rivers with differing water extraction - ResearchGate, accessed July 21, 2025
(PDF) Ecological responses to artificial drought in two Australian rivers with differing water extraction - ResearchGate, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support

(PDF) Ecological responses to artificial drought in two Australian rivers with differing water extraction - ResearchGate, accessed July 21, 2025

View Source
Preview of (PDF) Eutrophication in Australian Rivers, Reservoirs and Estuaries  A Southern Hemisphere Perspective on the Science and its Implications - ResearchGate, accessed May 10, 2025,
(PDF) Eutrophication in Australian Rivers, Reservoirs and Estuaries  A Southern Hemisphere Perspective on the Science and its Implications - ResearchGate, accessed May 10, 2025,
Contextual Support Journal

(PDF) Eutrophication in Australian Rivers, Reservoirs and Estuaries – A Southern Hemisphere Perspective on the Science and its Implications - ResearchGate, accessed July 13, 2025,

View Source
Preview of Alice Springs Groundwater - Dataset - NTG Open Data Portal, accessed July 21, 2025
Alice Springs Groundwater - Dataset - NTG Open Data Portal, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support Government

Alice Springs Groundwater - Dataset - NTG Open Data Portal, accessed July 21, 2025

View Source
Preview of Alice Springs SAT Project Hydrological and Water ... - SSWM.info, accessed July 21, 2025
Alice Springs SAT Project Hydrological and Water ... - SSWM.info, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support Journal

Alice Springs SAT Project Hydrological and Water ... - SSWM.info, accessed July 21, 2025

View Source
Preview of An environmental flow to an ephemeral creek increases the input of carbon and nutrients to a downstream receiving river - Frontiers, accessed July 20, 2025
An environmental flow to an ephemeral creek increases the input of carbon and nutrients to a downstream receiving river - Frontiers, accessed July 20, 2025
Contextual Support Journal

Connectivity – New South Wales Irrigators' Council, accessed July 17, 2025

View Source
Preview of Annual Drinking Water Quality Report 2023, accessed July 21, 2025
Annual Drinking Water Quality Report 2023, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support Journal

Annual Drinking Water Quality Report 2023, accessed August 1, 2025,

View Source
Preview of Aquatic Life Water Quality Standards Technical Support Document for Nitrate - Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, accessed July 21, 2025
Aquatic Life Water Quality Standards Technical Support Document for Nitrate - Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support Journal

Aquatic Life Water Quality Standards Technical Support Document for Nitrate - Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, accessed July 21, 2025

View Source
Preview of Case study – Oaklands stormwater harvest & re-use project - Water Sensitive SA, accessed July 21, 2025
Case study – Oaklands stormwater harvest & re-use project - Water Sensitive SA, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support Journal

Case study – Oaklands stormwater harvest & re-use project - Water Sensitive SA, accessed July 21, 2025

View Source
Preview of Challenges and adaptation needs for water quality in the Murray-Darling Basin in response to climate change - Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering (ATSE), accessed July 21, 2025
Challenges and adaptation needs for water quality in the Murray-Darling Basin in response to climate change - Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering (ATSE), accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support Journal

Salinity - Murray–Darling Basin Authority

View Source
Preview of Chapter 5: Water quality - CSIRO, accessed July 21, 2025
Chapter 5: Water quality - CSIRO, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support Government

Chapter 5: Water quality - CSIRO, accessed August 1, 2025,

View Source
Preview of Climate Change Impacts on Water Sensitive Urban Design Technologies - MDPI, accessed July 21, 2025
Climate Change Impacts on Water Sensitive Urban Design Technologies - MDPI, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support Journal

Climate Change Impacts on Water Sensitive Urban Design Technologies - MDPI, accessed July 26, 2025,

View Source
Preview of Ecological condition of central Australian arid-zone rivers - PubMed, accessed July 21, 2025
Ecological condition of central Australian arid-zone rivers - PubMed, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support Journal

Ecological condition of central Australian arid-zone rivers - PubMed

View Source
Preview of Ecology of Australia: the effects of nutrient-poor soils and intense fires - PubMed, accessed August 11, 2025,
Ecology of Australia: the effects of nutrient-poor soils and intense fires - PubMed, accessed August 11, 2025,
Contextual Support Journal

Ecology of Australia: the effects of nutrient-poor soils and intense fires - PubMed

View Source
Preview of Ecosystem Processes – Environmental Data Collection Methods - TERN Australia
Ecosystem Processes – Environmental Data Collection Methods - TERN Australia
Methodology Source Government

TERN Surveillance monitoring program: Soil vis-NIR spectral library with accompanying soil measurement data for 367 specimens - CSIRO Data Access Portal, accessed July 17, 2025,

View Source
Preview of Effectiveness of Water-Sensitive Urban Design Techniques on Stormwater Quantity Management at a Residential Allotment Scale - MDPI, accessed August 2, 2025,
Effectiveness of Water-Sensitive Urban Design Techniques on Stormwater Quantity Management at a Residential Allotment Scale - MDPI, accessed August 2, 2025,
Contextual Support

Targets for Urban Stormwater Management in Australia - MDPI, accessed July 13, 2025

View Source
Preview of Environment Monitoring Systems & Data for Ecosystem Studies ..., accessed July 30, 2025,
Environment Monitoring Systems & Data for Ecosystem Studies ..., accessed July 30, 2025,
Methodology Source GreyLiterature

TERN Ecosystem Surveillance & Environmental Monitoring Systems

View Source
Preview of Eutrophication (nutrient enrichment) - Western Australian Government
Eutrophication (nutrient enrichment) - Western Australian Government
Contextual Support Government

Eutrophication (nutrient enrichment) - Government of Western Australia

View Source
Preview of Final Evaluation Report Page 1 Name: Mildura Rural City Council Project Description - Water360, accessed July 21, 2025
Final Evaluation Report Page 1 Name: Mildura Rural City Council Project Description - Water360, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support

Final Evaluation Report Page 1 Name: Mildura Rural City Council Project Description - Water360, accessed July 21, 2025

View Source
Preview of Hydrogeological Field Investigations - Oaklands Park Stormwater Reuse Project Prepared for City of Marion - Essential Services Commission of South Australia, accessed July 21, 2025
Hydrogeological Field Investigations - Oaklands Park Stormwater Reuse Project Prepared for City of Marion - Essential Services Commission of South Australia, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support Journal

Hydrogeological Field Investigations - Oaklands Park Stormwater Reuse Project Prepared for City of Marion - Essential Services Commission of South Australia, accessed July 21, 2025

View Source
Preview of Memorandum - Nitrate guideline values in ANZECC 2000, accessed August 8, 2025
Memorandum - Nitrate guideline values in ANZECC 2000, accessed August 8, 2025
Contextual Support Journal

Hickey, C. (2002). Nitrate guideline values in ANZECC 2000. Memorandum MFE02237 prepared for Ministry for the Environment (New Zealand). NIWA Client Report: HAM2002-126.

View Source
Preview of Mildura Rural City Council Stormwater Drainage Asset Management Plan 2023-2027, accessed July 21, 2025
Mildura Rural City Council Stormwater Drainage Asset Management Plan 2023-2027, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support Government

Mildura Rural City Council Stormwater Drainage Asset Management Plan 2023-2027, accessed July 21, 2025

View Source
Preview of Nitrate and nitrite | Australian Drinking Water Guidelines - NHMRC, accessed August 8, 2025
Nitrate and nitrite | Australian Drinking Water Guidelines - NHMRC, accessed August 8, 2025
Contextual Support Government

Water quality guidelines - Queensland Environment Department, accessed July 31, 2025,

View Source
Preview of Nitrate in freshwater and marine water - Water Quality Australia, accessed August 2, 2025,
Nitrate in freshwater and marine water - Water Quality Australia, accessed August 2, 2025,
Contextual Support

Nitrate - Water Quality Australia, accessed August 1, 2025

View Source
Preview of Nitrate toxicity guidelines for the National Objectives Framework - NIWA, accessed August 8, 2025
Nitrate toxicity guidelines for the National Objectives Framework - NIWA, accessed August 8, 2025
Contextual Support Government

Nitrate toxicity guidelines for the National Objectives Framework ..., accessed August 3, 2025,

View Source
Preview of Nutrient and Organic Matter Dynamics in Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams | Request PDF - ResearchGate, accessed July 21, 2025
Nutrient and Organic Matter Dynamics in Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams | Request PDF - ResearchGate, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support GreyLiterature

Nutrient and Organic Matter Dynamics in Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams | Request PDF - ResearchGate, accessed July 16, 2025,

View Source
Preview of Nutrient limitation and interactions with organic matter and sediments within dryland streams of the Pilbara region of northwest - the UWA Profiles and Research Repository - The University of Western Australia, accessed July 21, 2025
Nutrient limitation and interactions with organic matter and sediments within dryland streams of the Pilbara region of northwest - the UWA Profiles and Research Repository - The University of Western Australia, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support

Exploring the potential of metabarcoding to disentangle macroinvertebrate community dynamics in intermittent streams

View Source
Preview of Present day and future urban cooling enabled by integrated water management - Frontiers, accessed July 21, 2025
Present day and future urban cooling enabled by integrated water management - Frontiers, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support Journal

Present day and future urban cooling enabled by integrated water management - Frontiers, accessed July 21, 2025

View Source
Preview of STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK PLAN - Mildura East Growth Area - EXHIBITION DRAFT - AWS, accessed July 21, 2025
STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK PLAN - Mildura East Growth Area - EXHIBITION DRAFT - AWS, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support Journal

STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK PLAN - Mildura East Growth Area - EXHIBITION DRAFT - AWS, accessed July 21, 2025

View Source
Preview of Targets for Urban Stormwater Management in Australia - MDPI, accessed July 21, 2025
Targets for Urban Stormwater Management in Australia - MDPI, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support Journal

J. Tibby's research works | The University of Adelaide and other places, accessed July 13, 2025

View Source
Preview of The effects of drying and re‐flooding on nutrient availability in ephemeral deflation basin lakes in western New South Wales, Australia | Request PDF - ResearchGate, accessed July 21, 2025
The effects of drying and re‐flooding on nutrient availability in ephemeral deflation basin lakes in western New South Wales, Australia | Request PDF - ResearchGate, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support Journal

The effects of drying and re‐flooding on nutrient availability in ephemeral deflation basin lakes in western New South Wales, Australia | Request PDF - ResearchGate, accessed July 21, 2025

View Source
Preview of Toxicant default guideline values for aquatic ecosystem protection ..., accessed August 8, 2025
Toxicant default guideline values for aquatic ecosystem protection ..., accessed August 8, 2025
Direct Evidence Journal

Toxicant default guideline values for aquatic ecosystem protection ...

View Source
Preview of Urban Stormwater: Best Practice Environmental Management Guidelines. - CSIRO Publishing, accessed July 21, 2025
Urban Stormwater: Best Practice Environmental Management Guidelines. - CSIRO Publishing, accessed July 21, 2025
Contextual Support GreyLiterature

Introduction - CSIRO Publishing, accessed August 1, 2025,

View Source
Preview of Water quality | Murray–Darling Basin Authority, accessed August 5, 2025
Water quality | Murray–Darling Basin Authority, accessed August 5, 2025
Contextual Support

Water quality | Murray–Darling Basin Authority, accessed July 25, 2025

View Source

Context

  • Region Australia
  • Biome Arid Inland Floodplains & Ephemeral River Systems
  • Land Use Urban & Developed Use
  • Assessment Target Condition
  • Evidence Type TargetCondition

Lifecycle

  • Status Active
  • Version 1
  • Effective From 16 Mar 2026

Notes

This is a proxy benchmark reflecting best achievable water quality under sustainable urban design in arid ephemeral systems. Confidence is low due to proxy nature and assumptions about TN to nitrate conversion.

Related Benchmarks

Other benchmarks in the AUS-AIF-URB-WNI family.

1.6 mg/L Low
Urban & Developed Use · Pristine Reference
MaximumOnly Active v1
0.01 mg/L Moderate
Urban & Developed Use · Pristine Reference
MinimumOnly Active v1