Soil pH

AUS-TDG-LVG-SPH General Moderate confidence

Benchmark Value

4.5 pH
Thresholds: Lower: 4.5, Upper: —
Direction: Higher is desirable ↑
Form: LowerThreshold

Scoring Curve

This curve shows how a field measurement for this indicator would score across all available benchmark forms in this context. The scoring engine uses 19 benchmarks together — the OptimalRange form drives the primary score, while 18 guard(s) constrain the result.

Evidence & Context

Considering this evidence, a lower critical threshold of pH(CaCl₂) 4.5 is proposed.

Metric Definition:

Lower critical threshold for soil pH below which ecological function is impaired.

Benchmark Definition:

This benchmark defines the lower critical soil pH threshold below which ecosystem function is impaired due to increased toxicities and nutrient deficiencies.

Justification:

Below pH 4.5, aluminium and manganese toxicities and nutrient deficiencies significantly impair ecosystem health.

Sources (2)

Preview of Agriculture Victoria. (2024). Soil acidity.
Agriculture Victoria. (2024). Soil acidity.

Soil acidity | Soil | Farm management - Agriculture Victoria, accessed August 28, 2025

View Source
Preview of Government of South Australia, Department for Environment and Water. (n.d.). Soil Health and Condition.
Government of South Australia, Department for Environment and Water. (n.d.). Soil Health and Condition. Government

Soil acidity - Department for Environment and Water, accessed July 30, 2025,

View Source

Supporting Sources (2)

Additional references from the underlying research that informed this benchmark.

Preview of Prober, S. M., Lunt, I. D., & Thiele, K. R. (2002). Determining reference conditions for management and restoration of temperate grassy woodlands: relationships among trees, topsoils and understorey flora in little-grazed remnants. Australian Journal of Botany, 50(6), 687–697.
Prober, S. M., Lunt, I. D., & Thiele, K. R. (2002). Determining reference conditions for management and restoration of temperate grassy woodlands: relationships among trees, topsoils and understorey flora in little-grazed remnants. Australian Journal of Botany, 50(6), 687–697.
Contextual Support Journal

Prober, S. M., Lunt, I. D., & Thiele, K. R. (2002). Determining reference conditions for management and restoration of temperate grassy woodlands: relationships among trees, topsoils and understorey flora in little-grazed remnants. Australian Journal of Botany, 50(6), 687–697.

View Source
Preview of Soil Quality Knowledge Base. (n.d.). Soil pH.
Soil Quality Knowledge Base. (n.d.). Soil pH.
Contextual Support GreyLiterature

Working with bio-amendments: Insights from cropping farmers - Soils For Life, accessed July 7, 2025,

View Source

Context

  • Region Australia
  • Biome Temperate Dry Woodlands & Native Grasslands
  • Land Use Livestock Grazing & Pasture
  • Assessment Pristine Reference
  • Evidence Type DegradationThreshold

Lifecycle

  • Status Active
  • Version 1
  • Effective From 24 Mar 2026

Notes

No upper detrimental threshold — higher values are always better up to natural saturation. This threshold aligns with agricultural guidance defining strongly acid soils and ecological harm.